The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) passed in 1990 came about through efforts by the U.S. Government to protect disabled individuals from discrimination due to their physical ailments. It defines what businesses and those interacting with the public must do to accommodate everyone equally.
Most people think of wheelchair ramps or special parking spaces when it comes to accommodating those with disabilities. Virtual spaces like a website or an app may also be required to follow ADA standards. The Title III section mandates the need for all public places to remove barriers to access for the disabled.
There’s still some uncertainty amongst online publishers as to how to properly comply with ADA standards. The Department of Justice, or DOJ, initially proposed changes in 2010 that were intended to standardize the requirements for media accessed on the web. Several lawsuits brought against different websites produced contradictory rulings which ended up creating even more unclarity. Then in 2018, the DOJ decided to withdraw their ADA compliance recommendations.
Although the DOJ guidelines have been removed, Web Developers tasked with building websites for public accommodations must still follow ADA standards when developing the infrastructure for their project. Failing to do so could put the client at risk for lawsuits or penalties for non-compliance.
Many legal experts recommend using the Web Content Accessibility Guidelines set forth by the World Wide Web Consortium, also known as the W3C. The most recent standardized version is WCAG 2.0 (version 2.1 is scheduled for release later in 2018). The W3C guide outlines the three possible levels websites should conform to when attempting to become ADA-compliant. By having three different levels available, developers have the flexibility of conforming to ADA standards based on the specific layout(s) of their website.
The higher the compliance level, the more effect it could have on your website design and functionality. We’ve highlighted some important UX and functionality requirements for developers to pay attention to. Level AA is considered by most to be the “industry standard” and Level AA WCAG 2.0 was the version the DOJ was attempting to standardize. But you may want to aim for a lower or higher level of compliance depending on your site requirements.
Your final website layout should adhere to the W3C’s four principles of ADA compliance. The primary principles of WCAG ADA compliance are:
These suggestions will help you apply ADA standards to the core components of your websites.
These labels describe objects read by assistive technology. They would be used to inform users of the function an object performs, like navigational buttons in a menu. Keep in mind that using these labels will override any alt tags you may otherwise use with objects.
One of the recommendations made in the HTML section was putting objects in a logical order. You should also make sure that users can use their keyboard to navigate through these fields as well. It needs to be intuitive and make sense so visitors with limited eyesight can still get through your website with the help of programs specifically designed for the disabled.
You don’t want keyboard tabbing to send your users to a field they’re not anticipating. Failing to account for this confuses users and will prevent the disabled from using your site as intended.
Are you unsure if your website is ADA-compliant? Let the experts at Zero Gravity Marketing review your website. Call us today at (203) 433 – 0653 or contact us for a full evaluation.